#Gin Web Framework [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/gin-gonic/gin.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/gin-gonic/gin) [![Coverage Status](https://coveralls.io/repos/gin-gonic/gin/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://coveralls.io/r/gin-gonic/gin?branch=master) [![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/gin-gonic/gin?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/gin-gonic/gin) [![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/gin-gonic/gin](https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg)](https://gitter.im/gin-gonic/gin?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge) Gin is a web framework written in Go (Golang). It features a martini-like API with much better performance, up to 40 times faster thanks to [httprouter](https://github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter). If you need performance and good productivity, you will love Gin. ![Gin console logger](https://gin-gonic.github.io/gin/other/console.png) ```sh $ cat test.go ``` ```go package main import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin" func main() { r := gin.Default() r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) { c.JSON(200, gin.H{ "message": "pong", }) }) r.Run() // listen and server on 0.0.0.0:8080 } ``` ## Benchmarks Gin uses a custom version of [HttpRouter](https://github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter) [See all benchmarks](/BENCHMARKS.md) Benchmark name | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) --------------------------------|----------:|----------:|----------:|------: BenchmarkAce_GithubAll | 10000 | 109482 | 13792 | 167 BenchmarkBear_GithubAll | 10000 | 287490 | 79952 | 943 BenchmarkBeego_GithubAll | 3000 | 562184 | 146272 | 2092 BenchmarkBone_GithubAll | 500 | 2578716 | 648016 | 8119 BenchmarkDenco_GithubAll | 20000 | 94955 | 20224 | 167 BenchmarkEcho_GithubAll | 30000 | 58705 | 0 | 0 **BenchmarkGin_GithubAll** | **30000** | **50991** | **0** | **0** BenchmarkGocraftWeb_GithubAll | 5000 | 449648 | 133280 | 1889 BenchmarkGoji_GithubAll | 2000 | 689748 | 56113 | 334 BenchmarkGoJsonRest_GithubAll | 5000 | 537769 | 135995 | 2940 BenchmarkGoRestful_GithubAll | 100 | 18410628 | 797236 | 7725 BenchmarkGorillaMux_GithubAll | 200 | 8036360 | 153137 | 1791 BenchmarkHttpRouter_GithubAll | 20000 | 63506 | 13792 | 167 BenchmarkHttpTreeMux_GithubAll | 10000 | 165927 | 56112 | 334 BenchmarkKocha_GithubAll | 10000 | 171362 | 23304 | 843 BenchmarkMacaron_GithubAll | 2000 | 817008 | 224960 | 2315 BenchmarkMartini_GithubAll | 100 | 12609209 | 237952 | 2686 BenchmarkPat_GithubAll | 300 | 4830398 | 1504101 | 32222 BenchmarkPossum_GithubAll | 10000 | 301716 | 97440 | 812 BenchmarkR2router_GithubAll | 10000 | 270691 | 77328 | 1182 BenchmarkRevel_GithubAll | 1000 | 1491919 | 345553 | 5918 BenchmarkRivet_GithubAll | 10000 | 283860 | 84272 | 1079 BenchmarkTango_GithubAll | 5000 | 473821 | 87078 | 2470 BenchmarkTigerTonic_GithubAll | 2000 | 1120131 | 241088 | 6052 BenchmarkTraffic_GithubAll | 200 | 8708979 | 2664762 | 22390 BenchmarkVulcan_GithubAll | 5000 | 353392 | 19894 | 609 BenchmarkZeus_GithubAll | 2000 | 944234 | 300688 | 2648 (1): Total Repetitions (2): Single Repetition Duration (ns/op) (3): Heap Memory (B/op) (4): Average Allocations per Repetition (allocs/op) ##Gin v1. stable - [x] Zero allocation router. - [x] Still the fastest http router and framework. From routing to writing. - [x] Complete suite of unit tests - [x] Battle tested - [x] API frozen, new releases will not break your code. ## Start using it 1. Download and install it: ```sh $ go get github.com/gin-gonic/gin ``` 2. Import it in your code: ```go import "github.com/gin-gonic/gin" ``` 3. (Optional) Import `net/http`. This is required for example if using constants such as `http.StatusOK`. ```go import "net/http" ``` ##API Examples #### Using GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, DELETE and OPTIONS ```go func main() { // Creates a gin router with default middleware: // logger and recovery (crash-free) middleware router := gin.Default() router.GET("/someGet", getting) router.POST("/somePost", posting) router.PUT("/somePut", putting) router.DELETE("/someDelete", deleting) router.PATCH("/somePatch", patching) router.HEAD("/someHead", head) router.OPTIONS("/someOptions", options) // By default it serves on :8080 unless a // PORT environment variable was defined. router.Run() // router.Run(":3000") for a hard coded port } ``` #### Parameters in path ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() // This handler will match /user/john but will not match neither /user/ or /user router.GET("/user/:name", func(c *gin.Context) { name := c.Param("name") c.String(http.StatusOK, "Hello %s", name) }) // However, this one will match /user/john/ and also /user/john/send // If no other routers match /user/john, it will redirect to /user/john/ router.GET("/user/:name/*action", func(c *gin.Context) { name := c.Param("name") action := c.Param("action") message := name + " is " + action c.String(http.StatusOK, message) }) router.Run(":8080") } ``` #### Querystring parameters ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() // Query string parameters are parsed using the existing underlying request object. // The request responds to a url matching: /welcome?firstname=Jane&lastname=Doe router.GET("/welcome", func(c *gin.Context) { firstname := c.DefaultQuery("firstname", "Guest") lastname := c.Query("lastname") // shortcut for c.Request.URL.Query().Get("lastname") c.String(http.StatusOK, "Hello %s %s", firstname, lastname) }) router.Run(":8080") } ``` ### Multipart/Urlencoded Form ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() router.POST("/form_post", func(c *gin.Context) { message := c.PostForm("message") nick := c.DefaultPostForm("nick", "anonymous") c.JSON(200, gin.H{ "status": "posted", "message": message, "nick": nick, }) }) router.Run(":8080") } ``` ### Another example: query + post form ``` POST /post?id=1234&page=1 HTTP/1.1 Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded name=manu&message=this_is_great ``` ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() router.POST("/post", func(c *gin.Context) { id := c.Query("id") page := c.DefaultQuery("page", "0") name := c.PostForm("name") message := c.PostForm("message") fmt.Printf("id: %s; page: %s; name: %s; message: %s", id, page, name, message) }) router.Run(":8080") } ``` ``` id: 1234; page: 1; name: manu; message: this_is_great ``` ### Another example: upload file References issue [#548](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/548). ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() router.POST("/upload", func(c *gin.Context) { file, header , err := c.Request.FormFile("upload") filename := header.Filename fmt.Println(header.Filename) out, err := os.Create("./tmp/"+filename+".png") if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } defer out.Close() _, err = io.Copy(out, file) if err != nil { log.Fatal(err) } }) router.Run(":8080") } ``` #### Grouping routes ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() // Simple group: v1 v1 := router.Group("/v1") { v1.POST("/login", loginEndpoint) v1.POST("/submit", submitEndpoint) v1.POST("/read", readEndpoint) } // Simple group: v2 v2 := router.Group("/v2") { v2.POST("/login", loginEndpoint) v2.POST("/submit", submitEndpoint) v2.POST("/read", readEndpoint) } router.Run(":8080") } ``` #### Blank Gin without middleware by default Use ```go r := gin.New() ``` instead of ```go r := gin.Default() ``` #### Using middleware ```go func main() { // Creates a router without any middleware by default r := gin.New() // Global middleware r.Use(gin.Logger()) r.Use(gin.Recovery()) // Per route middleware, you can add as many as you desire. r.GET("/benchmark", MyBenchLogger(), benchEndpoint) // Authorization group // authorized := r.Group("/", AuthRequired()) // exactly the same as: authorized := r.Group("/") // per group middleware! in this case we use the custom created // AuthRequired() middleware just in the "authorized" group. authorized.Use(AuthRequired()) { authorized.POST("/login", loginEndpoint) authorized.POST("/submit", submitEndpoint) authorized.POST("/read", readEndpoint) // nested group testing := authorized.Group("testing") testing.GET("/analytics", analyticsEndpoint) } // Listen and server on 0.0.0.0:8080 r.Run(":8080") } ``` #### Model binding and validation To bind a request body into a type, use model binding. We currently support binding of JSON, XML and standard form values (foo=bar&boo=baz). Note that you need to set the corresponding binding tag on all fields you want to bind. For example, when binding from JSON, set `json:"fieldname"`. When using the Bind-method, Gin tries to infer the binder depending on the Content-Type header. If you are sure what you are binding, you can use BindWith. You can also specify that specific fields are required. If a field is decorated with `binding:"required"` and has a empty value when binding, the current request will fail with an error. ```go // Binding from JSON type Login struct { User string `form:"user" json:"user" binding:"required"` Password string `form:"password" json:"password" binding:"required"` } func main() { router := gin.Default() // Example for binding JSON ({"user": "manu", "password": "123"}) router.POST("/loginJSON", func(c *gin.Context) { var json Login if c.BindJSON(&json) == nil { if json.User == "manu" && json.Password == "123" { c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"}) } else { c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"status": "unauthorized"}) } } }) // Example for binding a HTML form (user=manu&password=123) router.POST("/loginForm", func(c *gin.Context) { var form Login // This will infer what binder to use depending on the content-type header. if c.Bind(&form) == nil { if form.User == "manu" && form.Password == "123" { c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"}) } else { c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"status": "unauthorized"}) } } }) // Listen and server on 0.0.0.0:8080 router.Run(":8080") } ``` ###Multipart/Urlencoded binding ```go package main import ( "github.com/gin-gonic/gin" "github.com/gin-gonic/gin/binding" ) type LoginForm struct { User string `form:"user" binding:"required"` Password string `form:"password" binding:"required"` } func main() { router := gin.Default() router.POST("/login", func(c *gin.Context) { // you can bind multipart form with explicit binding declaration: // c.BindWith(&form, binding.Form) // or you can simply use autobinding with Bind method: var form LoginForm // in this case proper binding will be automatically selected if c.Bind(&form) == nil { if form.User == "user" && form.Password == "password" { c.JSON(200, gin.H{"status": "you are logged in"}) } else { c.JSON(401, gin.H{"status": "unauthorized"}) } } }) router.Run(":8080") } ``` Test it with: ```sh $ curl -v --form user=user --form password=password http://localhost:8080/login ``` #### XML and JSON rendering ```go func main() { r := gin.Default() // gin.H is a shortcut for map[string]interface{} r.GET("/someJSON", func(c *gin.Context) { c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "hey", "status": http.StatusOK}) }) r.GET("/moreJSON", func(c *gin.Context) { // You also can use a struct var msg struct { Name string `json:"user"` Message string Number int } msg.Name = "Lena" msg.Message = "hey" msg.Number = 123 // Note that msg.Name becomes "user" in the JSON // Will output : {"user": "Lena", "Message": "hey", "Number": 123} c.JSON(http.StatusOK, msg) }) r.GET("/someXML", func(c *gin.Context) { c.XML(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "hey", "status": http.StatusOK}) }) // Listen and server on 0.0.0.0:8080 r.Run(":8080") } ``` ####Serving static files ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() router.Static("/assets", "./assets") router.StaticFS("/more_static", http.Dir("my_file_system")) router.StaticFile("/favicon.ico", "./resources/favicon.ico") // Listen and server on 0.0.0.0:8080 router.Run(":8080") } ``` ####HTML rendering Using LoadHTMLTemplates() ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() router.LoadHTMLGlob("templates/*") //router.LoadHTMLFiles("templates/template1.html", "templates/template2.html") router.GET("/index", func(c *gin.Context) { c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "index.tmpl", gin.H{ "title": "Main website", }) }) router.Run(":8080") } ``` templates/index.tmpl ```html

{{ .title }}

``` Using templates with same name in different directories ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() router.LoadHTMLGlob("templates/**/*") router.GET("/posts/index", func(c *gin.Context) { c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "posts/index.tmpl", gin.H{ "title": "Posts", }) }) router.GET("/users/index", func(c *gin.Context) { c.HTML(http.StatusOK, "users/index.tmpl", gin.H{ "title": "Users", }) }) router.Run(":8080") } ``` templates/posts/index.tmpl ```html {{ define "posts/index.tmpl" }}

{{ .title }}

Using posts/index.tmpl

{{ end }} ``` templates/users/index.tmpl ```html {{ define "users/index.tmpl" }}

{{ .title }}

Using users/index.tmpl

{{ end }} ``` You can also use your own html template render ```go import "html/template" func main() { router := gin.Default() html := template.Must(template.ParseFiles("file1", "file2")) router.SetHTMLTemplate(html) router.Run(":8080") } ``` #### Redirects Issuing a HTTP redirect is easy: ```go r.GET("/test", func(c *gin.Context) { c.Redirect(http.StatusMovedPermanently, "http://www.google.com/") }) ``` Both internal and external locations are supported. #### Custom Middleware ```go func Logger() gin.HandlerFunc { return func(c *gin.Context) { t := time.Now() // Set example variable c.Set("example", "12345") // before request c.Next() // after request latency := time.Since(t) log.Print(latency) // access the status we are sending status := c.Writer.Status() log.Println(status) } } func main() { r := gin.New() r.Use(Logger()) r.GET("/test", func(c *gin.Context) { example := c.MustGet("example").(string) // it would print: "12345" log.Println(example) }) // Listen and server on 0.0.0.0:8080 r.Run(":8080") } ``` #### Using BasicAuth() middleware ```go // simulate some private data var secrets = gin.H{ "foo": gin.H{"email": "foo@bar.com", "phone": "123433"}, "austin": gin.H{"email": "austin@example.com", "phone": "666"}, "lena": gin.H{"email": "lena@guapa.com", "phone": "523443"}, } func main() { r := gin.Default() // Group using gin.BasicAuth() middleware // gin.Accounts is a shortcut for map[string]string authorized := r.Group("/admin", gin.BasicAuth(gin.Accounts{ "foo": "bar", "austin": "1234", "lena": "hello2", "manu": "4321", })) // /admin/secrets endpoint // hit "localhost:8080/admin/secrets authorized.GET("/secrets", func(c *gin.Context) { // get user, it was set by the BasicAuth middleware user := c.MustGet(gin.AuthUserKey).(string) if secret, ok := secrets[user]; ok { c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"user": user, "secret": secret}) } else { c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"user": user, "secret": "NO SECRET :("}) } }) // Listen and server on 0.0.0.0:8080 r.Run(":8080") } ``` #### Goroutines inside a middleware When starting inside a middleware or handler, you **SHOULD NOT** use the original context inside it, you have to use a read-only copy. ```go func main() { r := gin.Default() r.GET("/long_async", func(c *gin.Context) { // create copy to be used inside the goroutine cCp := c.Copy() go func() { // simulate a long task with time.Sleep(). 5 seconds time.Sleep(5 * time.Second) // note that you are using the copied context "cCp", IMPORTANT log.Println("Done! in path " + cCp.Request.URL.Path) }() }) r.GET("/long_sync", func(c *gin.Context) { // simulate a long task with time.Sleep(). 5 seconds time.Sleep(5 * time.Second) // since we are NOT using a goroutine, we do not have to copy the context log.Println("Done! in path " + c.Request.URL.Path) }) // Listen and server on 0.0.0.0:8080 r.Run(":8080") } ``` #### Custom HTTP configuration Use `http.ListenAndServe()` directly, like this: ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router) } ``` or ```go func main() { router := gin.Default() s := &http.Server{ Addr: ":8080", Handler: router, ReadTimeout: 10 * time.Second, WriteTimeout: 10 * time.Second, MaxHeaderBytes: 1 << 20, } s.ListenAndServe() } ``` #### Graceful restart or stop Do you want to graceful restart or stop your web server? There are some ways this can be done. We can use [fvbock/endless](https://github.com/fvbock/endless) to replace the default `ListenAndServe`. Refer issue [#296](https://github.com/gin-gonic/gin/issues/296) for more details. ```go router := gin.Default() router.GET("/", handler) // [...] endless.ListenAndServe(":4242", router) ``` An alternative to endless: * [manners](https://github.com/braintree/manners): A polite Go HTTP server that shuts down gracefully.